XXVII.
1769-70.
[A
subscription
made,
Moore
sends
for
Emin
-
Murn
Vana
comes
to
surrender
to
the
Turks
-
His
execution
-
Success
arrives
from
Bengal
-
Emin
returns
to
Calcutta,
January
1770
-
Cool
reception
by
his
father
-
Lord
Butes
son
and
his
kindness,
and
that
of
other
Englishmen
-
Mr.
Cox,
Persian
Interpreter
-
Governor
Cartier
appoints
Emin
rosaldar
to
first
brigade
of
Turkswars
-
Mr.
Floyer,
a
councillor
-
Dinner
at
the
Governors
-
Arrival
of
English
mail
-
Letter
from
Lord
Northumberland
-
Doubts
of
guests
-
Arrival
of
duplicate
letter
to
the
confusion
of
doubters
-
Khoja
Petrus,
"earthly
God
of
the
Calcutta
Armenians"-
Emins
rebuke
to
him.
]
After
three
months,
Mr.
Moore,
establishing
himself
in
amity
with
the
Musulman
governor
of
Bosra,
and
hearing
no
noise,
or
any
thing
amiss
in
Emins
conduct,
was
assured
of
his
being
the
very
person
of
whom
he
had
before
heard;
and
one
morning,
he
sent
Shekh
Pogos,
the
head
Armenian
interpreter,
with
compliments,
inviting
Emin
to
dine
with
him.
When
he
went,
he
saw
Mr.
Moore
with
a
tumbler
of
punch
in
his
hand,
standing
in
the
same
dining
room,
with
the
table-cloth
laid,
as
on
the
Christmas-day
before.
He
cheerfully,
and
with
polite
words,
presented
the
tumbler
to
him,
saying,
"Mr.
Emin,
I
hope
you
have
forgot
all
that
passed
in
this
place.
"
Emin
said,
"Yes,
Sir,
from
that
very
day.
"
He
then
took
it,
and
drank
it
to
Palioz
Begs
good
health.
The
time
passed
very
merrily
at
dinner,
with
the
rest
of
the
Bosra
gentlemen;
and
when
it
was
over,
as
he
was
going
to
wish
them
a
good
afternoon,
Mr.
Moore
very
kindly
ordered
a
horse;
Emin
begged
to
be
excused,
alleging,
that
it
would
be
imprudent
to
confer
that
honour
upon
him
at
once,
in
that
despotic
government;
and
adding,
that
he
should
be
contented
only
with
his
good
protection
as
one
of
the
British
subjects.
Mr.
Moore
and
the
rest
were
much
pleased,
and
complimented
him
with
these
expressions.
"Mr.
Emin,
your
conduct
is
fully
sufficient
to
protect
you;
both
what
we
have
heard
before
and
what
we
see
at
present.
Do
as
you
please;
we
are
your
friends.
"
Then
Emin,
making
a
bow,
went
away,
through
the
sun.
The
next
morning,
about
eight
oclock,
Beshuve,
his
second
Syrian
interpreter,
came
with
a
note
from
Mr.
Moore,
and
a
bag
with
six
hundred
rupees
to
Emin.
He
had
heard
from
the
other
Armenians,
and
was
much
pleased
to
hear,
that
the
late
Aga
Petrus,
the
son
of
Gregor
Aga
of
Julpha,
of
the
family
of
Minas,
had
offered
him
a
sum
of
money
which
he
refused,
knowing
well
the
nature
of
the
people
of
the
Julpha,
once
famous
for
its
riches,
which
is
not
far
from
the
disposition
of
modern
Israelites;
and
being
sure
that
presently
after
they
would
have
made
a
handle
of
it
to
cast
provoking
reflections
on
his
character,
as
having
received
their
charity.
The
purport
of
the
note
was
as
follows:
"Mr.
Moore
and
the
gentlemen
at
Bosra
send
their
compliments
to
Mr.
Emin,
and
knowing
him
to
be
in
straights,
desire
his
acceptance
of
six
hundred
rupees;
and
if
that
is
not
sufficient,
they
will
be
very
glad
to
supply
him
with
more,
Latouch,
Secretary.
"
He
answered
thus,
"Gentlemen,
I
return
you
my
most
humble
thanks
for
your
kind
assistance
in
my
present
distressed
condition,
which
will
make
me
remember
you
gratefully
all
the
days
of
my
life,
as
having
added
to
the
many
and
great
favours
already
received
by
me
from
your
noble
countrymen.
I
remain,
Gentlemen,
yours;
&c.
&c.
J.
Emin.
"
The
Julpha
Armenians,
hearing
of
this
conduct
of
Mr.
Moore,
and
the
other
good-natured
gentlemen,
began
to
say
to
Emin,
goodmorning,
or
good-day
to
you,
Sir;
which
condescending
favour
they
did
not
deign
before
to
bestow
on
him;
except
Aga
Petrus,
son
of
Gregor
Aga,
mentioned
before,
who
was
really
very
glad
of
his
little
success.
Those
of
opposite
parties,
though
in
awe
of
Mr.
Moore,
were
outwardly
somehow
civil,
when
they
met
him
by
chance
in
the
street
passing
or
repassing;
yet
would
net
be
sorry
if
the
worst
of
disasters
had
crushed
him
to
nothing.
Since
they
were
removed
by
Shah
Abbas
from
Armenia
to
Ispahan,
they
grew
very
rich
in
one
century,
but
when
born
and
brought
up
there,
they
lost
entirely
all
the
virtues
of
their
forefathers,
and
became
exactly
like
the
shopkeepers
in
the
bazars
of
Ispahan.
Such
also
is
the
case
of
the
Hamadan
Armenians,
of
whom
Emin
himself
is
one,
and
would
have
been
as
bad
the
rest,
if
nature
had
not
favoured
him
with
a
mind
a
little
above
them,
which
induced
him
to
leave
his
father,
and
run
away
to
Europe;
for
the
force
even
of
his
superficial
education
has
made
him
proud
enough
to
think
that
he
knows
himself,
and
can
judge
tolerably
of
others.
He
is
very
well
convinced
that
there
may
be
found
good
and
bad
in
all
countries;
but
wherever
learning
is
hated,
and
shut
up
in
the
dark
dungeon
of
cruel
ignorance,
men
are
no
longer
to
be
blamed,
even
if
they
resemble
savage
beasts,
and
tear
each
other
to
pieces.
To
return
to
the
subject,
Emin
cannot
in
conscience
condemn
them
wholly.
A
set
of
artful
people
of
the
same
nation,
most
piously
working
on
their
innocent
soft
minds,
have
brought
them
down
so
low
as
to
be
despised
by
every
body;
particularly
by
the
indigent
Georgians,
who
firmly
believe,
that
the
Armenian
nation
are
not
created
by
the
hand
of
the
same
God,
but
sprung
on
dung-hills
like
mushrooms
or
weeds.
As
there
was
no
vessel
at
that
time
bound
for
Bengal,
Emin
was
entertained,
almost
every
day
in
the
week,
both
at
dinner
and
supper,
by
Mr.
Moore,
Mr.
Beaumont,
and
Mr.
Livius,
but
never
so
much
as
eat
a
mouthful
of
bread
in
any
Julpha
Armenians
house.
The
kind
reader
may
judge
that
Emin
speaks
as
he
feels,
and
speaks
truth,
which
is
the
queen
of
all
virtues.
Emin
spending
a
very
small
part
of
his
six
hundred
rupees,
preserved
the
rest
with
great
care,
still
in
hopes
of
returning
to
Armenia,
and
to
Mush,
in
Curdistan,
to
St.
Johns
monastery,
where
his
only
friend
Padre
Jonas
was
then
living,
who
had
laid
up
eight
thousand
fire-arms,
ready
to
distribute
among
those
that
had
none.
Here
came
two
Armenian
petty
merchants
to
him,
one
from
Mashet,
the
other
from
Persia:
the
first
with
six
thousand
rupees
worth
of
goods,
the
other
with
four
thousand
rupees
in
ready
money,
offering
Emin
the
whole
sum,
if
he
would
again
venture
to
go
to
Armenia;
informing
him
of
the
war
commenced
between
the
Russians
and
Turks,
and
that
the
people
of
Curdistan
had
been
long
wishing
to
have
him
among
them;
so
that
it
would
be
the
only
time
to
undertake
the
plan.
Considering
a
little,
he
approved
their
proposals,
on
this
condition,
that
he
was
not
to
accept
any
of
their
money,
alleging
that
he
had
just
enough
to
furnish
him
with
a
horse
for
reaching
Bagdad,
or
going
over
to
Persia;
and
advising
them
each
to
buy
a
horse
and
goods,
as
if
they
were
merchants
for
the
market
of
the
places
they
were
to
pass,
till
their
arrival
in
the
country
before-mentioned;
where
he
doubted
not
to
find
more
men
like
them.
This
was
agreed
upon,
and
they
seemed
very
sanguine,
on
finding
Emin
so
averse
to
accept
any
of
their
offers.
They
said
to
him,
"Sir,
our
lives
and
properties
are
at
your
service,
do
and
command
as
you
please;
we
are
ready
to
obey
you.
"
He
said,
"Good
friends,
it
is
very
proper
to
observe
one
thing,
since
I
have
experienced
often
the
disposition
of
Armenian
merchants,
who
will
soon
fly
from
their
words:
-
I
cannot
help
doubting
of
what
you
have
now
said,
nor
can
any
one
be
so
weak
as
to
believe
such
a
thing,
till
you
have
performed
it.
Go,
and
God
be
with
you!"
Emin,
though
he
could
easily
foresee
that
those
merchants
resolute
proposals
were
chimerical,
yet
was
in
some
hopes
to
see
them
prosper;
flattering
himself
with
fortunes
reconciliation
to
him;
but,
alas!
his
opinion
of
merchants
in
general
was
just,
their
mean
spirits
are
only
fit,
by
indefatigable
industry,
to
heap
up
riches,
to
give
them
away
to
the
priests
in
laps-full,
and
to
be
plundered
by
the
Turks
or
Persians!
While
those
two
poor
Armenians
were
busy
to
get
things
in
readiness,
the
famous
Murn
Vana
of
the
island
of
Kharick,
came
from
his
revolted
army
to
Bosra,
with
thirteen
of
his
officers,
to
crave
protection.
The
barbarous
Turks,
instead
of
receiving
him,
put
him
in
prison,
with
strong
guards
over
him,
and
sent
a
report
to
the
late
Omar
Pasha,
governor
of
Bagdad.
In
thirty
days
time
an
order
was
brought
for
his
execution,
his
head
was
cut
off,
and
the
body
throw
into
the
ruined,
mud
wall
of
a
garden,
about
six
feet
on
the
right
hand
of
the
middle
street,
which
led
to
the
north
gate,
where
the
Armenians
of
Bosra
commonly
used
to
take
a
walk
mornings
and
afternoons.
At
the
same
time
another
accident
happened:
seven
stout
Arab
thieves
were
caught
in
one
night
robbing
either
a
house
or
a
shop;
every
one
of
them
was
strangled,
and
hung
up
in
different
places,
some
near
the
entrance
of
the
bazars,
which
most
people
resort
to
or
pass
under,
and
two
of
them
just
over
the
place
where
the
Armenians
walk.
When
this
happened,
the
two
Armenian
volunteer
merchants
came
to
Emin,
and
said,
"Sir,
have
you
heard
the
news,
or
have
you
seen
the
men
who
have
lost
their
lives?"
He
laughing,
said,
"Yes.
"
Then
again,
out
of
breath,
asked,
"If
he
was
not
afraid?"
He
burst
into
a
loud
laugh,
and
answered,
"No.
"
Then
again
they
repeated
their
fear,
saying,
"O,
dear
Sir,
you
must
have
a
heart
like
steel!
Suppose
we
should
be
caught,
what
will
be
our
fate
then?"
Emin
said,
"You
need
not
be
apprehensive
here
at
Bosra,
but
when
you
are
in
Curdistan,
should
you
behave
basely,
and
not
resolve
either
to
kill
or
to
be
killed,
your
punishment
will
be
worse,
you
will
be
impaled
for
not
fighting
bravely
for
your
religion
and
liberty.
Go
your
ways,
follow
your
Jewish
profession,
carry
on
trade,
pay
duty
for
your
goods,
count
down
your
poll-tax
to
the
Mahomedans,
and
give
your
money
to
the
holy
fathers
of
the
church,
confess
to
them
as
often
as
you
commit
sins,
that
they
may
absolve
and
pray
for
you,
so
that
when
you
die
you
may
go
to
heaven!"
The
poor
creatures
were
dashed
with
chagrin,
went
away,
and
said
not
a
word.
Emin
continued
at
Bosra
about
eight
months
and
a
half,
before
the
Success
galley,
commanded
by
captain
Roseboome,
arrived
from
Bengal.
He
took
a
passage
in
it,
and
arrived
in
three
months
at
Calcutta.
Two
hours
before
sun-rise
he
came
to
his
fathers
door,
like
the
prodigal
son,
but
was
not
received
by
him
with
the
same
rejoicing;
he
ought
to
have
put
a
ring
on
his
finger,
to
have
killed
the
two
fat
oxen,
to
have
invited
his
neighbours
to
a
feast,
to
eat
and
be
glad
with
him.
However,
with
great
patience
he
bore
it
for
about
five
or
six
weeks,
not
knowing
a
single
person
among
the
gentlemen
at
Calcutta.
The
earl
of
Butes
son,
the
honourable
Frederick
Stuart,
in
his
infancy,
at
the
duke
of
Northumberlands
house
at
London,
happened
to
see
Emin,
and
when
grown
bigger,
heard
more
of
the
author
from
his
Grace.
Being
sent
to
Calcutta
a
writer
in
the
honourable
Companys
establishment
at
the
age
of
seventeen
years,
he
had
the
curiosity
(and
was
the
first
gentleman
who
had
it)
to
find
Emin
out,
and
was
very
glad
to
see
him.
Mr.
Stuarts
hospitality
it
is
impossible
to
describe
fully;
his
palanquin
was
at
Emins
fathers
door
regularly
three
times
in
the
day,
to
go
to
breakfast,
dinner,
and
supper
with
him.
Emin
only
slept
at
home
for
several
weeks
together.
Next
to
Mr.
Stuart
was
Sir
Archibald
Campbell;
then
the
late
Mr.
Cox
the
Persian
interpreter.
Sir
Archibald
introduced
him
first
to
Mr.
Cartier,
then
governor;
next
to
Mr.
Russell,
now
at
Visagapatam.
In
short,
in
two
months
time,
Emin
was
not
only
taken
notice
of
by
all
the
gentlemen
in
the
settlement,
but
caressed
as
their
favourite;
they
learning
from
other
hands,
that
his
father
after
finding
a
son
lost
for
twenty-one
years,
behaved
but
indifferently
towards
him,
and
thought
that
the
English
gentlemen,
who
are
fond
of
novelty
like
other
Europeans,
would
not
be
long
before
they
would
be
tired
of
him.
Mr.
Cox,
one
night
as
he
was
going
to
the
Council-house,
desired
Emin
to
keep
him
company
part
of
the
way;
and
said,
that
if
Emin
would
consent,
the
gentlemen
of
the
settlement
would
very
readily
make
a
subscription
for
him,
as
at
that
time
money
was
in
great
plenty
in
Calcutta:
he
believed
it
would
amount
to
65,
000
rupees.
No
sooner
had
he
uttered
those
words,
than
Emin
said
nothing,
turned
about,
and
went
to
a
great
distance.
Mr.
Cox
went
on
slowly,
but
finding
him
not
to
come
on,
turned
back,
calling
loudly
to
Emin,
and
swearing
upon
his
honour
he
had
something
to
say.
When
they
met,
perceiving
the
reason
of
his
taking
offence,
Mr.
Cox
made
an
apology.
Emin
said,
upon
his
honour
he
would
never
go
to
him,
nor
was
his
spirit
so
mean
as
even
to
hear
the
name
of
a
subscription;
he
was
neither
a
beggar,
nor
a
cripple,
to
bend
himself
to
such
a
proposal;
he
was
young
and
stout,
and
could
serve
the
Honourable
Company,
if
they
thought
him
fit;
and
if
not,
it
did
not
much
signify,
he
was
able
to
live
in
some
way
or
another
in
India,
where
he
never
had
known
a
white
man
starved.
Though
it
was
now
made
up
between
the
two
friends,
yet
Emins
spirit
could
not
be
easy
with
it;
he
pretended
to
be
sick,
and
never
went
out
of
doors
for
a
fortnight,
refusing
all
the
invitations
of
his
worthy
friends.
One
morning
Mr.
Cox
came
with
his
brother,
and
took
him
to
his
house;
and
after
dinner
said,
that
he
had
spoken
to
Mr.
Cartier,
and
was
in
hopes
he
would
favour
Emin
with
a
commission
in
the
army.
Thus
was
he
entertained
a
long
time,
and
treated
like
one
of
their
own
countrymen,
taking
pleasure
at
balls
and
concerts
in
their
garden-houses.
But
to
his
great
sorrow,
cruel
death
snatched
away
from
him
his
good
friend
Mr.
Cox,
who
died
in
three
days
of
a
high
fever.
This
loss
he
felt
more
severely
than
all
his
past
adversity.
Every
one
that
knew
his
real
friendship
towards
Emin,
condoled
with
him.
The
governor,
Mr.
Cartier,
in
particular,
comforted
him,
and
a
few
days
after
favoured
him
with
an
ensigns
brevet
in
the
first
brigade,
and
posted
him
as
rosaldar
to
the
first
troop
(or
the
Turkswars),
commanded
by
lieutenant
Baillie.
Emin
could
discover,
that
Mr.
Floyer,
then
a
counsellor,
was
very
much
against
it;
but
good
Mr.
Cartier
would
not
change
his
resolution,
having
on
his
side
a
majority
in
council,
Mr.
Russell
and
Mr.
Eyre,
Emins
old
acquaintance
in
London,
when
they
learned
the
use
of
the
small-sword
of
Sherlock
the
fencing
master.
At
the
latter
end
of
September,
Emin
was
at
the
government-house,
being
invited
by
Mr.
Cartier
to
dinner.
There
were
a
great
many
gentlemen
present,
and
the
Council
was
sitting
in
the
next
room.
Before
the
tablecloth
was
laid,
in
came
the
packet
of
an
India-man
just
arrived
from
England,
and
then
in
the
river.
Mr.
Cartier
was
called
out,
opened
the
box,
and
poured
all
the
letters
upon
the
table.
On
looking
over
the
directions,
he
found
one
directed
for
Emin,
who
seeing
the
seal
of
it,
immediately
knew
that
it
was
from
the
late
duke
of
Northumberland;
and
it
proved
to
be
an
answer
to
his
letter
from
Bosra,
over
land.
Emin,
without
breaking
it
open,
directly
presented
it
to
Mr.
Cartier,
who,
with
the
Companys
letters,
entered
the
room
where
the
Council
was
sitting.
He
read
it
before
the
rest,
and
it
satisfied
Mr.
Floyer,
who
had
no
further
objection
against
the
author,
and
applauded
Mr.
Cartier
for
patronising
him.
By
this
time
the
cloth
was
laid,
and
dinner
on
table.
The
governor
and
counsellors
came
out,
and
Mr.
Cartier
returned
the
dukes
letter
to
Emin,
with
his
usual
cheerful
countenance,
wishing
him
joy.
At
dinner
five
minutes
had
not
past,
before
the
gentlemen
on
the
right
and
lefthand
side
began
reflecting
pretty
loud,
and
passing
judgment
on
the
dukes
letter,
on
purpose
that
he
might
hear
them,
and
by
degrees
elevated
their
voices
so
high
that
the
whole
company
heard
them
saying,
"He
is
a
knowing
sharp
fellow;
the
letter
is
his
own
composing;
as
he
was
close
to
the
table
when
the
packet
was
opened,
and
the
governor
with
the
rest,
impatient
for
letters,
were
sitting
over
the
box,
it
is
ten
to
one
he
shoved
it
in
with
such
dexterity
among
the
heaps,
that
none
of
us
could
perceive
it.
"
For
this
Emin
cared
not
a
rush,
but
with
great
cheerfulness
made
a
hearty
dinner.
Who
should
come
in
unexpectedly
at
that
very
instant
but
one
captain
Walker,
belonging
to
the
Madras
establishment
(who
perhaps
came
in
the
same
ship
that
brought
the
packet);
without
pulling
his
hat
off,
inquiring
for
the
governor,
he
first
begged
to
know
if
Emin
was
among
them,
and
said,
that
he
had
a
letter
from
the
duke
of
Northumberland,
with
an
express
order
from
his
Grace
to
deliver
it
into
Emins
own
hand.
The
company
could
not
help
smiling
at
the
captains
soldierlike
roughness,
and
said,
"There
is
the
governor,
and
here
is
Emin.
"
He
received
the
second
letter,
which
was
a
duplicate,
without
opening
it,
and
laid
both
on
the
table
before
them,
saying,
"Gentlemen,
you
are
welcome
to
read
them,
and
be
satisfied
that
Emin
has
not
the
art
to
forge
another
persons
hand-writing.
You
are
excusable,
such
hasty
opinions
must
be
imputed
to
the
prejudices
of
your
education;
as
yet
you
are
young,
and
newly
entered
into
the
world;
but
for
the
future,
I
hope
you
will
be
cautious,
and
not
commit
such
ungenerous
mistakes,
the
consequences
of
which
may
not
be
pleasing
to
you.
"
The
gentlemen
perused
them,
and,
blushing,
made
their
apologies.
Every
one
at
the
table
read
them
over,
and
wished
Emin
well,
saying,
that
his
Graces
kindness
towards
him
was
remarkable.
The
good
Mr.
Cartier
affably
said,
"he
richly
deserves
it
for
his
meritorious
conduct;
otherwise,
you
may
depend
upon
it,
his
Grace
would
not
take
the
pains
to
write
so
affectionately
to
him.
"
The
following
is
a
true
copy
of
the
letter:
"(Duplicate.
)
Northumberland-house,
London.
March
14th,
1770.
My
dear
friend
Emin,
I
was
made
extremely
happy
a
few
days
ago
by
receiving
your
letter,
dated
the
18th
September
1769,
which
brought
me
an
account
of
your
being
in
perfect
health
and
safety
at
Bosra.
Your
former
letter
of
eight
pages,
dated
Gulistan
(in
the
mountains
of
Armenia)
1767,
was
not
received
till
last
autumn,
more
than
two
years
after
it
was
written.
So
long
a
silence
had
thrown
all
your
friends
here
into
great
apprehensions
concerning
your
situation,
which
appeared,
from
the
many
difficulties
and
dangers
that
surrounded
you,
to
be
truly
alarming;
but
a
great
and
noble
mind
like
yours
is
superior
to
every
difficulty,
though
it
cannot
always
command
success.
You
have
now
done
all
that
could
be
expected
of
a
brave
man,
who
loved
his
countrymen,
and
wished
to
rescue
them
from
misery
and
slavery.
If
they
would
not
concur
with
you
themselves,
that
is
their
fault;
you
have
acted
a
noble
part,
and
you
may
now
retire
to
your
father
and
your
friends,
covered
with
the
glory
of
having
made
such
bold
and
daring
attempts,
as
no
other
man
could
even
have
conceived:
After
so
many
years
of
your
life
spent
in
the
severest
fatigue
and
toil,
you
may
now,
without
the
least
injury
to
your
reputation
and
fame,
sit
down
quietly
among
your
relations
in
India,
and
pass
the
remainder
of
your
life
in
the
comfortable
enjoyment
of
that
peace,
retirement,
and
domestic
love,
which
you
so
generously
sacrificed
in
your
younger
years.
As
for
the
plan
you
mention
of
coming
hither,
in
order
to
go
into
the
Russian
service
against
the
Turks,
I
fear
it
can
answer
no
purpose
whatever,
as
there
is
not
the
most
distant
chance
of
your
getting
round
to
Russia
time
enough
to
be
of
use.
The
approaching
campaign
will,
in
all
probability,
put
an
end
to
the
war
one
way
or
other;
and
it
is
not
unlikely,
that
even
before
you
receive
this
letter,
the
whole
affair
will
be
at
an
end.
I
hope
you
will
find
your
fathers
affairs
in
India
in
such
a
situation
as
to
enable
you
to
pass
the
remainder
of
your
life
with
comfort
and
satisfaction.
I
shall
always
feel
myself
sincerely
interested
in
your
welfare,
and
shall
be
glad
to
receive
accounts
of
your
health
and
prosperity.
All
your
friends
in
England
rejoice
to
hear
that
you
are
safe
and
well;
they
send
you
their
best
wishes
and
respects.
Death
has
deprived
you
of
some
of
them:
poor
Miss
Talbot
died
about
a
month
ago.
The
Duchess
and
all
my
family
are
well.
We
salute
you,
and
I
am
with
affectionate
regard,
My
dear
Emin,
your
most
faithful
friend
and
humble
servant,
Northumberland.
"
Emin
omitted
inserting
that
when
Mr.
Cartier
favoured
him
with
the
brevet,
the
late
rich
Armenian
Coja
Petrus,
at
that
time
the
earthly
god
of
the
other
Armenians
in
Calcutta,
being
an
old
acquaintance
of
the
authors
father,
and
hearing
of
his
good
success,
thought
it
polite
to
make
him
some
presents,
and
ventured
to
send
him
a
large
horse
(worth
600
rupees),
with
rich
Turkish
silver
harness,
and
a
pair
of
stirrups
of
the
same
metal,
each
large
enough
to
weigh
four
pounds
of
silver,
together
with
several
fine
shauls,
the
whole
to
the
value
of
about
2000
rupees;
but
Emin,
whose
spirit
was
above
it,
though
poor,
refused
the
present,
and
returned
it
with
the
following
message:
"Several
afternoons,
when,
in
obedience
to
my
father,
I
used
to
make
you
visits,
you
detained
me
in
your
house,
in
the
cold
season,
till
it
was
dark
and
foggy,
without
even
offering
me
a
mashal
to
light
me
home;
and
now,
when
you
see
me
supported
by
the
English,
you
send
me
presents!
I
return
them
with
many
thanks.
Be
pleased
to
send
me
some
bread
and
salt,
with
a
maund
of
rice,
and
half
a
maund
of
ghee,
to
confirm
our
friendship,
and
to
satisfy
you
that
I
can
forgive
all
your
Asiatic
artful
methods
of
setting
a
father
against
his
son,
who
was
lost,
and
then
found.
The
same
noble
nation,
through
whom
you
thrive
with
riches
among
the
Armenians
in
Calcutta,
have
provided,
and
will
provide
for
me,
rest
satisfied.
"
At
this
the
Armenians
were
astonished;
but
the
nobleminded
English
admired
it,
commending
Emin
for
his
disinterested
spirit,
when
they
heard
his
simple
reasons,
saying,
that
to
take
any
thing
which
is
given
with
an
ill-will,
is
not
better
than
exacting
it
by
main
force;
for
neither
Petrus,
nor
any
of
the
same
cast,
would
do
a
piece
of
kindness
without
having
some
low
design
in
it.
They
are
to
be
pitied
rather
than
blamed,
since
having
once
lost
the
sweets
of
liberty,
and
being
kept
under
exorbitant
tyranny
for
several
centuries
they
are
become
like
fatherless
children,
and
it
is
impossible
they
should
conduct
themselves
with
the
same
delicate
sentiments
as
a
free
or
polite
nation.
NOTE.
Khoja
Petrus
Arathoon,
the
"earthly
god
of
the
Calcutta
Armenians,
"
died
in
1778.
Emin
is
perhaps
a
little
unjust
to
him.
He
was
the
Armenian
previously
mentioned
as
having
supplied
the
refugees
at
Fulta
in
1756
with
provisions
for
six
months
(p.
107).
Mesrovb
Seth
says,
in
his
History
of
the
Armenians
in
India,
that
he
was
afterwards
employed
by
Clive
as
a
confidential
agent
in
negotiating
with
Mir
Jaffir
for
the
overthrow
of
Suraj-ud-Daula,
and
gives
extracts
from
Ormes
History
of
Hindostan
in
connection
with
the
negotiations,
in
which
he
is
spoken
of
as
"Petrus
the
Armenian.
"
Pietros
Arathoons
tombstone
in
the
south
choir
of
Nazareths
Armenian
Church,
Calcutta,
is
a
white
marble
stone
let
into
the
marble
flooring
with
an
inscription
in
an
exaggerated
style,
as
follows
-
"The
eminent
princely
chief
Aga
Pietros
Arathoon
of
Erivan,
New
Julfa,
Ispahan,
of
the
family
of
Abraham,
was
a
lustrous
hyacinthine
crown
of
the
whole
of
the
Armenian
nation.
He
acquired
a
great
fame
amongst
all
peoples
to
the
glory
of
his
nation.
He
worked
assiduously
and
expended
lavishly.
His
generosity
towards
the
destitute
orphans
and
widows
was
without
parallel.
By
his
frequent
munificent
gifts
he
erected
handsome
and
well-embellished
churches.
He
departed
in
the
hope
of
salvation
at
the
age
of
fifty-three,
and
was
placed
in
this
tomb
with
pomp,
in
the
year
of
Our
Lord
1778,
the
29th
of
August,
corresponding
with
the
year
163
of
the
era
of
Azariah,
the
12th
of
the
month
of
Nadar.
"
The
word
translated
princely
chief
is
Ishkhan,
-
prince,
or
absolute
ruler.
There
were
no
princes,
or
even
"meliks"
in
New
Julfa.
Next
to
Khojah
Pietros
lies
his
wife,
under
a
plain
stone
of
blackish
grey
marble,
inscribed
with
five
lines
of
Armenian,
as
follows.
This
is
the
tomb
of
Dastagool,
the
daughter
of
Aga
Minas
of
the
family
of
Khoja
Minas
of
Erivan
(a
parish
of
Julfa)
and
wife
of
Aga
Pietros.
She
departed
this
life
on
the
3rd
of
June
1805.
Pietros
Arathoon
erected
two
small
altars
in
the
Armenian
Church
in
Calcutta;
on
the
north
and
south
sides
of
the
sanctuary
there
are
respectively
a
vestry
and
a
sacristy,
and
a
flight
of
steps
was
introduced
in
each,
leading
up
to
an
altar
on
a
higher
elevation
than
the
principal
altar.
In
an
Armenian
church
there
should
be
only
the
one
altar,
but
apparently
a
man
of
Pietros
Arathoons
position
was
privileged
to
make
an
innovation,
The
inscriptions
on
the
walls
facing
the
congregation
above
the
doors
leading
from
the
choirs
into
the
vestry
and
sacristy
are
as
follows.
In
the
north
choir
-
This
altar
in
the
name
of
the
Apostles
S.
Peter
and
S.
Paul
is
[erected]
to
the
memory
of
Aga
Pietros,
the
son
of
Arathoon,
a
native
of
Old
Erivan,
in
the
year
of
Our
Lord
1763.
In
the
south
choir
-
This
altar
in
the
name
of
S.
Gregory
the
Illuminator
is
[erected]
to
the
memory
of
Aga
Gricor,
the
son
of
Arathoon,
a
native
of
Old
Erivan,
in
the
year
of
Our
Lord,
1763,
December
21st.
Both
altars
were
erected
in
the
lifetime
of
the
donor.
Aga
Gricor
(Gregory),
known
in
Indian
history
as
Gurgin
Khan,
was
the
brother
of
Aga
Pietros.
He
was
in
the
service
of
Mir
Kasim,
commanding
his
soldiery,
and
he
fought
against
the
troops
of
the
E.
I.
Co.
He
established
a
foundry
at
Monghyr
for
casting
cannon
and
manufacturing
firelocks.
He
died
by
assassination
in
August,
1763,
and
his
brother
erected
the
small
attar
to
his
memory
in
the
same
year.
Aga
Pietros
was
also
the
founder
of
the
Armenian
church
at
Saidabad,
built
in
1758.
In
the
letters
written
to
Governor
Vansittart
after
the
massacre
at
Patna
referred
to
elsewhere
(published
in
Bengal
Past
and
Present,
vol.
vi,
p.
255),
there
is
the
following
passage
-
"They
likewise
say
that
immediately
on
the
receipt
of
the
News
of
our
Storming
Ouda
Nulla,
Cossim
Aly
Cawn
ordered
all
the
English
to
be
sent
out
on
the
River
and
sunk
there,
but
was
prevented
by
Coja
Gregore
who,
had
he
lived,
they
say
would
have
prevented
the
horrid
Affair.
"
-
Coja
Gregore
is
Gregory,
the
brother
of
Aga
Pietros.
EMINS
APPOINTMENT
AS
ENSIGN.
Fort
William.
October
27.
1770
Sir
G.
C.
Parole,
Bombay.
The
Governor
has
been
pleased
to
grant
Mr.
Emin
an
Ensigns
Brevet,
&
he
is
to
take
Rank
in
the
Army
as
Youngest
Ensign.
I
am,
Sir
Your
most
ob.
H.
Serv.
(Signed)
Robt
Kyd
Town
Major
Mr.
Emin.
(Copy
of
document
in
the
Record
Department
of
the
Government
of
India,
kindly
supplied
by
Mr.
A.
F.
Scholfield,
M.
A.,
Officer
in
charge.
)
